Discovering the Hidden Gems of Bhutan: a small country

Introduction:

Bhutan is a small landlocked country in South Asia, nestled between China to the north and India to the south. With a population of just over 750,000 people, it is one of the smallest countries in the world. Despite its size, Bhutan is a country of great cultural and natural wealth, with a fascinating history, unique traditions, and a cuisine that is both flavorful and healthy. In this blog post, we will explore the different facets of Bhutan, from its geography and politics to its food and festivals.

History:

Bhutan has a long and complex history, with the earliest records dating back to the 7th century. It was ruled by various Buddhist dynasties until the 17th century, when it was unified under the Drukpa Kagyu school of Buddhism. In the early 20th century, Bhutan established formal diplomatic relations with British India, which later became independent India. In 2008, Bhutan transitioned to a democratic constitutional monarchy, with the king as the head of state and a prime minister as the head of government.

Geography:

Bhutan is a mountainous country with diverse flora and fauna, including rare species such as the snow leopard and the black-necked crane. It is also known for its pristine rivers and lakes, which are a source of hydropower and irrigation for agriculture. The country is divided into 20 districts or dzongkhags, each with its own unique culture and traditions. For a detailed map of Bhutan, visit this link: https://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/map/google_map_Bhutan.htm

Politics and Governance:

Bhutan is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of government. The king is the head of state, while the prime minister is the head of government. The Bhutanese Constitution guarantees democratic rights and freedoms, including the right to vote, freedom of speech, and freedom of religion. The country has a multi-party system, with two major political parties – the Bhutanese People’s Party and the People’s Democratic Party. For the flag of Bhutan and official website, visit these links: https://www.worldometers.info/img/flags/bt-flag.gif, https://www.bhutan.gov.bt/

Infrastructure:

Bhutan has made significant progress in developing its infrastructure, including roads, bridges, airports, and communication networks. The country has a well-developed hydropower sector, which is a major source of revenue and employment. The government has also invested in education and healthcare, with free primary and secondary education and a national health insurance system. The country’s transport system includes buses, taxis, and private cars, as well as traditional modes of transport such as horses and yaks.

Economy:

Bhutan’s economy is largely dependent on agriculture and forestry, which together account for over 60% of the country’s GDP. The country is known for its organic farming practices, which prioritize sustainability and the use of traditional techniques. In recent years, Bhutan has also developed its tourism industry, which is based on the principles of “high-value, low-impact” tourism. The country has a small but growing manufacturing sector, with industries such as cement, textiles, and handicrafts. Bhutan is also rich in hydropower resources, which it exports to neighboring countries such as India. However, the country faces challenges such as youth unemployment and a large trade deficit.

Demographics:

Bhutan has a population of around 750,000 people, with the majority living in rural areas. The official language is Dzongkha, but English is also widely spoken. Buddhism is the predominant religion, with around 75% of the population practicing it. The country is also known for its Gross National Happiness (GNH) philosophy, which emphasizes the importance of well-being and sustainable development. Bhutan has made significant progress in improving social indicators such as literacy rates and life expectancy.

Social Indicators:

Bhutan has made significant progress in improving social indicators such as literacy rates and life expectancy. The literacy rate stands at around 70%, while the life expectancy is over 70 years. The country has a national health insurance system, which covers around 90% of the population. Bhutan has also made progress in reducing poverty, with the poverty rate declining from over 20% in 2007 to around 8% in 2017. However, the country still faces challenges such as high youth unemployment and a gender wage gap.

Natural Resources:

Bhutan is rich in natural resources such as hydropower, forests, and minerals. Hydropower is the country’s main export, with around 90% of it being exported to India. Bhutan’s forests cover around 72% of the country’s land area, and are a source of timber, non-timber forest products, and eco-tourism. The country is also known for its mineral resources, including gypsum, limestone, and coal.

Technology:

Bhutan has made progress in developing its information and communication technology (ICT) sector, with the government investing in infrastructure such as broadband networks and data centers. The country has a national e-government portal, which provides online services such as tax filing and citizen registration. Bhutan is also known for its traditional technology, such as the use of water-powered prayer wheels and the production of handmade paper.

International Relations:

Bhutan has friendly relations with its neighboring countries, India and China. India is Bhutan’s largest trading partner and provides significant financial and technical assistance. Bhutan is also a member of regional organizations such as the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) and the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC). The country has also developed partnerships with countries such as Japan and the United States.

Country Code:

The country code for Bhutan is +975.

Leading Newspaper:

187	Bhutan:	Kuensel	https://kuenselonline.com/
188	Bhutan:	BBS News	https://www.bbs.bt/news/
189	Bhutan:	Bhutan Observer	http://www.bhutanobserver.bt/

The leading newspaper in Bhutan is Kuensel, which is published in both Dzongkha and English. It covers news and current affairs, as well as features on culture and society.

Major Problems:

Bhutan faces several challenges, including youth unemployment, a large trade deficit, and environmental degradation. The country’s dependence on hydropower exports makes it vulnerable to fluctuations in demand and prices. The tourism industry, while important for the economy, also poses challenges such as the risk of cultural erosion and environmental damage. Bhutan also faces social issues such as domestic violence and discrimination against women and minorities.

Capital, Festivals, and Specialties:

The capital of Bhutan is Thimphu, which is located in the western part of the country. The city is known for its traditional architecture, as well as its vibrant culture and festivals. One of the most famous festivals in Bhutan is the Paro Tsechu, which is held annually in the Paro Valley. The festival features colorful dances and music, as well as elaborate costumes and masks. Another popular festival is the Thimphu Tshechu, which is held in the capital and features similar performances.

Bhutan is also known for its traditional handicrafts, such as weaving, pottery, and woodcarving. These crafts are often made using natural materials and techniques that have been passed down through generations. Bhutanese cuisine is also unique, featuring dishes such as Ema Datshi (spicy cheese and chili dish) and Momos (dumplings filled with meat or vegetables).

Food:

Bhutanese cuisine is known for its spicy and flavorful dishes, which often feature chili peppers and cheese.

Some of the most popular dishes in Bhutan include:

Ema Datshi: This is a spicy dish made with cheese and chili peppers. It is often served with rice and is a staple of Bhutanese cuisine.
Momos: These are steamed or fried dumplings filled with meat or vegetables. They are a popular snack in Bhutan and can be found in many street markets and restaurants.
Phaksha Paa: This is a pork dish that is cooked with radish and chili peppers. It is often served with rice and is a favorite among locals.
Jasha Maroo: This is a spicy chicken dish that is cooked with ginger, garlic, and chili peppers. It is often served with Bhutanese red rice.
Suja: This is a traditional butter tea that is made with butter, salt, and tea leaves. It is a staple of Bhutanese culture and is often served to guests as a sign of hospitality.

Conclusion:

Bhutan is a unique country with a rich culture and history. The country’s commitment to Gross National Happiness and sustainable development has made it a leader in environmental conservation and social progress. Bhutan’s traditional handicrafts, festivals, and cuisine are also highlights of the country’s culture. Despite facing challenges such as youth unemployment and environmental degradation, Bhutan has made significant progress in improving social indicators and developing its economy.

For those interested in visiting Bhutan, it is important to note that the country has strict tourism policies to preserve its culture and environment. Visitors are required to book their trip through a licensed tour operator and pay a minimum daily tariff. However, the cost includes accommodations, meals, and a guide, making it a unique and immersive travel experience.

Resources:

For more information about Bhutan, visit the official website of the Bhutan Tourism Council: https://www.tourism.gov.bt/

For a map of Bhutan, visit: https://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/map/google_map_Bhutan.htm

For the flag of Bhutan, visit: https://www.worldometers.info/flags/bhutan-flag/

Discovering the Hidden Gems of Bhutan: a small but beautiful country

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